Electrophotography is familiar to most people as the technology in photocopiers and laser printers. On mastering the material presented in this book, which is written for both the newcomer and the established expert, the reader will have a working knowledge of the electrophotographic process and a detailed knowledge of its most important subsystem, development. This second edition includes details of the latest advances and an additional chapter on the new color copiers.

1. Introduction.- 1.1 Technical History.- 1.2 Copier Market.- 1.3 Printer Market.- 1.4 Alternative Powder Marking Technologies.- 2. The Electrophotographic Process.- 2.1 The Six Steps of Electrophotography.- 2.2 Implementation-Interactions.- 2.3 Subsystem Choices.- 3. The Development Step.- 3.1 Challenges.- 3.2 Focus.- 3.3 Descriptions.- 4. Toner Charging for Two Component Development Systems.- 4.1 Metal-Metal Contact Charging.- 4.2 Metal-Insulator Contact Charging.- 4.3 Insulator-Insulator Contact Charging.- 4.4 Toner-Carrier Charging.- 4.5 Summary.- 5. Cascade Development.- 5.1 Development Mechanisms.- 5.2 Experimental Work.- 5.3 Theory Ill.- 5.4 Summary.- 6. Insulative Magnetic Brush Development.- 6.1 Qualitative Comparison of Development Mechanisms.- 6.2 The Electric Field.- 6.3 Theories of Solid Area Development.- 6.4 Solid Area Development Experiments.- 6.5 Line Development.- 6.6 Background Development.- 6.7 Improvements.- 6.8 Summary.- 7. Conductive Magnetic Brush Development.- 7.1 Initial Theoretical Ideas.- 7.2 Experimental Data and Discussions.- 7.3 Infinitely Conductive Theory.- 7.4 Comparison with Experiment.- 7.5 Line Development.- 7.6 Background Development.- 7.7 Summary.- 8. Toner Charging for Monocomponent Development Systems.- 8.1 Induction Charging.- 8.2 Injection Charging.- 8.3 Contact Charging.- 8.4 Corona Charging.- 8.5 Charging Methods for Powder Coating.- 8.6 Other Charging Methods.- 8.7 Traveling Electric Fields.- 9. Monocomponent Development.- 9.1 Aerosol or Powder Cloud Development.- 9.2 Early Work.- 9.3 Theory of Monocomponent Development.- 9.4 Conductive Toner.- 9.5 Magnetic, Insulative Toner.- 9.6 Nonmagnetic, Insulative Toner.- 9.7 Summary.- 10. Liquid Development.- 10.1 Material Requirements.- 10.3 Toner Characteristics.- 10.4 Recent Developments.- 10.5 Summary.- 11. Color Electrophotography.- 11.1 History.- 11.2 Image Quality.- 11.3 Colored Toner Accumulation.- 11.4 New Development Systems.- 11.5 Color Market.- 11.6 Current Copier Products.- 11.7 Current Printer Products.- 12. Update of Chapters 1-10.- 12-1.2 Copier Market.- 12-1.3 Printer Market.- 12-1.4 Alternative Powder Marking Technologies.- 12-4 Toner Charging for Two Component Development Systems.- 12-4.3 Insulator-Insulator Contact Charging.- 12-4.4 Toner-Carrier Charging.- 12-6.4 Solid Area Development Experiments.- 12-6.6 Background Development.- 12-7.3 Infinitely Conductive Theory.- 12-8.3 Contact Charging.- 12-9.3 Theory of Monocomponent Development.- 12-9.4 Conductive Toner.- 12-9.6 Nonmagnetic, Insulative Toner.- 12-10.4 Recent Developments.- References.