Volume I: Contents: R.R. Mowrer, S.B. Klein, Traditional Learning Theory and the Transition to Contemporary Learning Theory. Part I:Theories of Pavlovian Conditioning.P.J. Durlach, Learning and Performance in Pavlovian Conditioning: Are Failures of Contiguity Failures of Learning or Performance? R.R. Miller, L.D. Matzel, Contingency and Relative Associative Strength. A.G. Baker, P. Mercier, Attention, Retrospective Processing and Cognitive Representations. G. Hall, R. Honey, Perceptual and Associative Learning. A.R. Wagner, S.E. Brandon, Evolution of a Structured Connectionist Model of Pavlovian Conditioning (AESOP). A. Tomie, W. Brooks, Sign-Tracking: The Search for Reward. Part II:Current Status of Traditional Learning Theory.D.J. Levis, The Case for a Return to a Two-Factor Theory of Avoidance: The Failure of Non-Fear Interpretations. A. Dickinson, The Expectancy Theory of Animal Conditioning. Volume II: Contents: R.R. Mowrer, S.B. Klein. Part I:Introduction: A Contrast Between Traditional and Contemporary Learning Theory.Part II:Theories of Instrumental Conditioning.J. Allison, The Nature of Reinforcement. R.M. Church, Theories of Timing Behavior. S.F. Maier, Learned Helplessness: Event Co-Variation and Cognitive Changes. F. Vaccarino, B.B. Schiff, S.E. Glickman, A Biological View of Reinforcement. Part III:Biological Constraints in Learning.V.M. LoLordo, A. Droungas, Selective Associations and Adaptive Specializations: Food Aversion and Phobias. J. Garcia, L. Brett, K. Rusiniak, Limits of Darwinian Conditioning. A.L. Riley, C.L. Wetherington, Schedule-Induced Polydipsia: Is the Rat a Small Furry Human? W. Timberlake, G.A. Lucas, Behavior Systems and Learning: From Misbehavior to General Principles.